The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
Identifieur interne : 002763 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002762; suivant : 002764The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes
Auteurs : Anaël Aubry [France] ; Christophe Hausswirth [France] ; Julien Louis [France, Royaume-Uni] ; Aaron J. Coutts [Australie] ; Martin Buchheit [France, Australie] ; Yann Le Meur [France]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Athlètes, Catécholamines (sang), Course à pied (physiologie), Cyclisme (physiologie), Effort physique (physiologie), Endurance physique (physiologie), Facteurs temps, Fatigue (physiopathologie), Humains, Lactates (sang), Mâle, Natation (physiologie), Performance sportive (physiologie), Rythme cardiaque (physiologie), Éducation physique et entraînement physique ().
- MESH :
- physiologie : Course à pied, Cyclisme, Effort physique, Endurance physique, Natation, Performance sportive, Rythme cardiaque.
- physiopathologie : Fatigue.
- sang : Catécholamines, Lactates.
- Adulte, Athlètes, Facteurs temps, Humains, Mâle, Éducation physique et entraînement physique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Athletes, Athletic Performance (physiology), Bicycling (physiology), Catecholamines (blood), Fatigue (physiopathology), Heart Rate (physiology), Humans, Lactates (blood), Male, Physical Education and Training (methods), Physical Endurance (physiology), Physical Exertion (physiology), Running (physiology), Swimming (physiology), Time Factors.
- MESH :
- chemical , blood : Catecholamines, Lactates.
- methods : Physical Education and Training.
- physiology : Athletic Performance, Bicycling, Heart Rate, Physical Endurance, Physical Exertion, Running, Swimming.
- physiopathology : Fatigue.
- Adult, Athletes, Humans, Male, Time Factors.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes.
Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), and immediately after an overload training period (Mid) and after a 2-week taper (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to exhaustion, including heart rate, catecholamine release and blood lactate concentration. Ten participants from the overload group developed signs of f-OR at Mid (i.e. -2.1 ± 0.8% change in performance associated with concomitant high perceived fatigue). Additionally, only the f-OR group demonstrated a 99% chance of increase in HRR during the overload period (+8 ± 5 bpm, large effect size). Concomitantly, this group also revealed a >80% chance of decreasing blood lactate (-11 ± 14%, large), plasma norepinephrine (-12 ± 37%, small) and plasma epinephrine peak concentrations (-51 ± 22%, moderate). These blood measures returned to baseline levels at Post. HRR change was negatively correlated to changes in performance, peak HR and peak blood metabolites concentrations.
These findings suggest that i) a faster HRR is not systematically associated with improved physical performance, ii) changes in HRR should be interpreted in the context of the specific training phase, the athletes perceived level of fatigue and the performance response; and, iii) the faster HRR associated with f-OR may be induced by a decreased central command and by a lower chemoreflex activity.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139754
PubMed: 26488766
PubMed Central: 4619310
Affiliations:
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sortKey="Hausswirth, Christophe" sort="Hausswirth, Christophe" uniqKey="Hausswirth C" first="Christophe" last="Hausswirth">Christophe Hausswirth</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), EA, 7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), EA, 7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Louis, Julien" sort="Louis, Julien" uniqKey="Louis J" first="Julien" last="Louis">Julien Louis</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), EA, 7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), EA, 7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly building, L3 3AF, Liverpool, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly building, L3 3AF, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Liverpool</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coutts, Aaron J" sort="Coutts, Aaron J" uniqKey="Coutts A" first="Aaron J." last="Coutts">Aaron J. Coutts</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buchheit, Martin" sort="Buchheit, Martin" uniqKey="Buchheit M" first="Martin" last="Buchheit">Martin Buchheit</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), EA, 7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), 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7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), EA, 7370, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Athletes</term><term>Athletic Performance (physiology)</term><term>Bicycling (physiology)</term><term>Catecholamines (blood)</term><term>Fatigue (physiopathology)</term><term>Heart Rate (physiology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Lactates (blood)</term><term>Male</term><term>Physical Education and Training (methods)</term><term>Physical Endurance (physiology)</term><term>Physical Exertion (physiology)</term><term>Running (physiology)</term><term>Swimming (physiology)</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Athlètes</term><term>Catécholamines (sang)</term><term>Course à pied (physiologie)</term><term>Cyclisme (physiologie)</term><term>Effort physique (physiologie)</term><term>Endurance physique (physiologie)</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Fatigue (physiopathologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Lactates (sang)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Natation (physiologie)</term><term>Performance sportive (physiologie)</term><term>Rythme cardiaque (physiologie)</term><term>Éducation physique et entraînement physique ()</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Catecholamines</term><term>Lactates</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Physical Education and Training</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Course à pied</term><term>Cyclisme</term><term>Effort physique</term><term>Endurance physique</term><term>Natation</term><term>Performance sportive</term><term>Rythme cardiaque</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Athletic Performance</term><term>Bicycling</term><term>Heart Rate</term><term>Physical Endurance</term><term>Physical Exertion</term><term>Running</term><term>Swimming</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Fatigue</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Fatigue</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Catécholamines</term><term>Lactates</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Athletes</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Athlètes</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Éducation physique et entraînement physique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Purpose</title><p>The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods and Results</title><p>Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), and immediately after an overload training period (Mid) and after a 2-week taper (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to exhaustion, including heart rate, catecholamine release and blood lactate concentration. Ten participants from the overload group developed signs of f-OR at Mid (i.e. -2.1 ± 0.8% change in performance associated with concomitant high perceived fatigue). Additionally, only the f-OR group demonstrated a 99% chance of increase in HRR during the overload period (+8 ± 5 bpm, large effect size). Concomitantly, this group also revealed a >80% chance of decreasing blood lactate (-11 ± 14%, large), plasma norepinephrine (-12 ± 37%, small) and plasma epinephrine peak concentrations (-51 ± 22%, moderate). These blood measures returned to baseline levels at Post. HRR change was negatively correlated to changes in performance, peak HR and peak blood metabolites concentrations.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Conclusion</title><p>These findings suggest that i) a faster HRR is not systematically associated with improved physical performance, ii) changes in HRR should be interpreted in the context of the specific training phase, the athletes perceived level of fatigue and the performance response; and, iii) the faster HRR associated with f-OR may be induced by a decreased central command and by a lower chemoreflex activity.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Meeusen, R" uniqKey="Meeusen R">R Meeusen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duclos, M" uniqKey="Duclos M">M Duclos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Foster, C" uniqKey="Foster C">C Foster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fry, A" uniqKey="Fry A">A Fry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gleeson, M" 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uniqKey="Buchheit M">M Buchheit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wehrlin, Jp" uniqKey="Wehrlin J">JP Wehrlin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Millet, Gp" uniqKey="Millet G">GP Millet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="White, Dw" uniqKey="White D">DW White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raven, Pb" uniqKey="Raven P">PB Raven</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Le Meur, Y" uniqKey="Le Meur Y">Y Le Meur</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pichon, A" uniqKey="Pichon A">A Pichon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schaal, K" uniqKey="Schaal K">K Schaal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, L" uniqKey="Schmitt L">L Schmitt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Louis, J" uniqKey="Louis J">J Louis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gueneron, J" uniqKey="Gueneron J">J Gueneron</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hedelin, R" uniqKey="Hedelin R">R Hedelin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wiklund, U" uniqKey="Wiklund U">U Wiklund</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bjerle, P" uniqKey="Bjerle P">P Bjerle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henriksson Larsen, K" uniqKey="Henriksson Larsen K">K Henriksson-Larsen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Paris</li><li>Sydney</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Aubry, Anael" sort="Aubry, Anael" uniqKey="Aubry A" first="Anaël" last="Aubry">Anaël Aubry</name></region><name sortKey="Buchheit, Martin" sort="Buchheit, Martin" uniqKey="Buchheit M" first="Martin" last="Buchheit">Martin Buchheit</name><name sortKey="Hausswirth, Christophe" sort="Hausswirth, Christophe" uniqKey="Hausswirth C" first="Christophe" last="Hausswirth">Christophe Hausswirth</name><name sortKey="Le Meur, Yann" sort="Le Meur, Yann" uniqKey="Le Meur Y" first="Yann" last="Le Meur">Yann Le Meur</name><name sortKey="Louis, Julien" sort="Louis, Julien" uniqKey="Louis J" first="Julien" last="Louis">Julien Louis</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Louis, Julien" sort="Louis, Julien" uniqKey="Louis J" first="Julien" last="Louis">Julien Louis</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Coutts, Aaron J" sort="Coutts, Aaron J" uniqKey="Coutts A" first="Aaron J." last="Coutts">Aaron J. Coutts</name></region><name sortKey="Buchheit, Martin" sort="Buchheit, Martin" uniqKey="Buchheit M" first="Martin" last="Buchheit">Martin Buchheit</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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